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Items for "wood"
Simulation of cracks in wood using a coupled material model for interface elements
A three-dimensional anisotropic material model is presented that is applicable in combination with interface elements for simulation of the behavior of timber structures loaded in shear and tension perpendicular to the wood fibers...
Keywords: cracks, finite-element method, interface elements, material modeling, wood
06/2007 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterHalophilic black yeasts colonize wood immersed in hypersaline water
Various halophilic black yeasts were isolated from hypersaline water in solar salterns...
Keywords: hypersaline water, Hortaea werneckii, Trimmatostroma salinum, wood
10/2005 | Botanica Marina, Walter de GruyterApplication of confocal Raman spectroscopy for the topochemical distribution of lignin and cellulose in plant cell walls of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) compared to UV microspectrophotometry
In a comparative study, the topochemical distribution of lignin in individual cell wall layers of beech wood tissue was determined by confocal Raman spectroscopy and scanning UV microspectrophotometry...
Keywords: cellulose, confocal Raman spectroscopy, lignin, scanning UV microspectrophotometry, wood
08/2004 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterChemical reaction of maritime pine sapwood (Pinus pinaster Soland) with alkoxysilane molecules: A study of chemical pathways
The chemical modification of maritime pine sapwood (
Keywords: alkoxysilanes, chemical modification, dimensional stabilisation, FTIR, solid NMR spectroscopy, wood
08/2004 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterEvaluation of heat-treated wood swelling by differential scanning calorimetry in relation to chemical composition
Retification is a heat treatment that decreases the swelling of wood and increases its resistance to fungal attack...
Keywords: differential scanning calorimetry, fibre saturation point, heat treatment, swelling, wood
01/2005 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterSurvival of bacteria on wood and plastic particles: Dependence on wood species and environmental conditions
The survival of two hygienically relevant bacteria,
Keywords: Bacteria, DNA extraction, hygiene, plastic, wood
01/2005 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterSpeciation of arsenic and chromium in the leachate from chromated copper arsenate (CCA) type C treated southern pine (Pinus spp.)
A 558-h laboratory leaching test (AWPA E-11) was carried out on both commercially and laboratory chromated copper arsenate (CCA) type C-treated southern pine...
Keywords: arsenic, chromated copper arsenate (CCA), chromatography, chromium, Leaching, Speciation, wood
02/2005 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterFunctionalisation of wood by reaction with 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane: Grafting and hydrolysis of the triethoxysilane end groups
The chemical modification of maritime pine sapwood (
Keywords: 13C and 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance cross-polarisation with magic-angle spinning (NMR CP MAS) spectroscopy, chemical modification, 3-isocynatopropyltriethoxysilane, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, silane, wood
07/2005 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterComments on the experimental methodology for determination of the hygro-mechanical properties of wood
When wood is subjected simultaneously to load and moisture content changes below the fiber saturation point, the mechano-sorptive effect may be observed as an additional deformation that cannot be attributed to simple superposition of elastic deformation, free shrinkage or swelling, or creep in steady climate conditions...
Keywords: Experimental Methods, hygro-mechanical properties, mechano-sorption, wood
02/2005 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterWood-water sorption isotherm prediction with artificial neural networks: A preliminary study
This is a preliminary study that proposes an original prototype artificial neural network to be used in addition to the two classic sorption isotherm modeling methods, Hailwood-Horrobin (HH) and Guggenheim-Anderson-deBoer (GAB), in predicting the equilibrium moisture content in wood at three different temperatures (30, 45 and 60°C) for softwood (lodgepole pine) sapwood and heartwood specimens...
Keywords: Artificial Neural Networks, chemical composition, Guggenheim-Anderson-deBoer (GAB) model, Hailwood-Horrobin (HH) model, Sorption, Water, wood
05/2005 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterCombined shear and compression analysis using a modified Iosipescu shear test device. Experimental studies on dry wood
The mechanical treatment of wood in a refiner involves a complex combination of shear and compression forces...
Keywords: compression, Density, Picea abies, shear stress, wood
09/2005 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterChemical reaction of alkoxysilane molecules in wood modified with silanol groups
Chemical reaction between silanol-modified wood and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) was carried out using two different approaches with dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) or ethylamine (EtNH2) as catalysts...
Keywords: alkoxysilanes, 13C and 29Si CP-MAS NMR, chemical modification, FTIR Spectroscopy, SEM-EDX analysis, silanol groups, wood
05/2006 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterFactors influencing timber gluability with one-part polyurethanes – studied with nine Australian timber species
The bulk and surface properties of blocks of nine Australian wood species of commercial importance were investigated to elucidate the factors affecting timber gluability with structural one-component polyurethane adhesives...
Keywords: adhesion, bonding, Density, Eucalyptus, extractives, gluability, one-component polyurethane, strength, timber, wood
07/2006 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterWood liquefaction by ionic liquids
The liquefaction of wood (
Keywords: Ionic Liquid, liquefaction, recyclability, wood
08/2006 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterPhenolic compounds in silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) wood
Three new phenolic compounds (4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl-6-
Keywords: Betula pendula Roth, diarylheptanoids, extractives, lignans, phenolic glycosides, wood
08/2006 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterMeasurement of the shear modulus of wood by the square-plate twist method
In this research, square-plate twist test methods for obtaining the shear modulus of wood were examined...
Keywords: finite element analysis, shear modulus, square-plate twist method, wood
08/2006 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterA novel simple route to wood acetylation by transesterification with vinyl acetate
A novel method for the acetylation of wood was investigated and compared with the classical method based on acetic anhydride...
Keywords: 13C CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy, chemical modification, FTIR Spectroscopy, transesterification, vinyl acetate, wood
03/2007 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterSimple estimation of critical stress intensity factors of wood by tests with double cantilever beam and three-point end-notched flexure
Simple equations are proposed for calculation of critical stress intensity factors by tests using double cantilever beam (DCB) and three-point end-notched flexure (3ENF)...
Keywords: critical stress intensity factor, DCB test, 3ENF test, mode I, mode II, wood
03/2007 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterEffect of water on wood liquefaction and the properties of phenolated wood
The effects of water on wood liquefaction were investigated under various reaction conditions: reaction temperature, time, and wood/phenol weight ratio...
Keywords: liquefaction, Phenol, phenolated wood, Water, wood
11/2005 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterContact-free measurement and non-linear finite element analyses of strain distribution along wood adhesive bonds
The strain distribution along wood adhesive bonds was studied using a contact-free measurement system based on a white-light digital image correlation (DIC) technique...
Keywords: adhesive bond, contact-free, strain distribution, strain measurement, wood
11/2005 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterDetection and species discrimination using rDNA T-RFLP for identification of wood decay fungi
In the present work PCR technology was used as a tool to detect the early stages of wood decay and was compared with microscopic evaluation...
Keywords: brown rot, Coniophora, fungal colonisation, Fungi, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP), wood
11/2005 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterDetermination of ethylenic residues in wood and TMP of spruce by FT-Raman spectroscopy
A method based on FT-Raman spectroscopy is proposed for determining in situ concentrations of ethylenic residues in softwood lignin...
Keywords: coniferaldehyde, coniferyl alcohol, DHP, ethylenic residues, lignin, quantification, Raman, thermomechanical pulp, wood
11/2008 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterUV resonance Raman spectroscopic study of photodegradation of hardwood and softwood lignins by UV laser
The effect of laser irradiation (Ar+ ion laser, 244 nm) on photodegradation of lignin in silver birch and rubberwood as hardwoods and spruce and chir pine as softwoods has been investigated by UV resonance Raman spectroscopy (UVRRS)...
Keywords: cellulose, lignin, photodegradation, quinone, resonance Raman spectroscopy, UV laser, UV resonance Raman spectroscopy (UVRRS), wood
03/2008 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterStructure elucidation of phenylethanoid glycosides from Paulownia tomentosa Steud. var. tomentosa wood
No available
Keywords: isocampneoside I, Paulownia tomentosa Steud. var. tomentosa, phenylethanoid glycosides, wood
03/2008 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterAlkaline-sulfite chemithermomechanical pulping of Eucalyptus grandis biotreated by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora under varied culture conditions
The effect of different culture conditions have been evaluated concerning the extracellular enzyme activities of the white-rot fungus
Keywords: biopulping, cellulose, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, chemithermomechanical pulping (CTMP), manganese peroxidase, mechanical pulping, wood
07/2008 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterSynthesis of ethylene maleic anhydride copolymer containing fungicides and evaluation of their effect for wood decay resistance
The aim of the present study was to combat wood decay based on the approach controlled-release biocides from polymers...
Keywords: Copolymer, ethylene maleic anhydride, fungal decay resistance, fungicides, poly(ethylene co-8-hydroxy quinolinyl acrylate), poly(ethylene co-dipentachlorophenyl diacrylate), Synthesis, wood
07/2008 | Holzforschung, Walter de GruyterAdhesive penetration of wood cell walls investigated by scanning thermal microscopy (SThM)
Cross sections of wood adhesive bonds were studied by scanning thermal microscopy (SThM) with the aim of scrutinizing the distribution of adhesive in the bond line region...
Keywords: adhesive penetration, scanning thermal microscopy (SThM), wood
01/2008 | Holzforschung, Walter de Gruyter