Items for "obesity"

Behavioral Interventions and the Role of Television in the Growing Epidemic of Adolescent Obesity Data from the 2001 Youth Risk Behavioral Survey

OBJECTIVE: To test television exposures contribution to overweight (BMI > 95th percentile /age) status in 11.3% of 2001 YRBS respondents, when controlling for moderate/vigorous activity, and eating habits. METHODS: Controlling for age, ethnicity, smoking, moderate/vigorous activity, and diet habits, gender-specific SUDAAN models estimate likelihood (O.R.) for overweight in teens watching 2+ hours of TV/day. RESULTS: TV exposure independently increases odds of overweight by 50% for both genders (boys: OR 1.5 [1.2-1.8]; girls: OR 1.6 [1.2-2.0]), when other covariates are controlled...

Keywords: Adolescents, obesity, physical activity, television, diet

Overexpression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) in mice does not affect adipogenesis or adipose tissue development

In order to evaluate a potential functional role of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) in development of obesity, we studied the effect of overexpression of human TIMP-1 (hTIMP-1) in C57Bl/6J mice in vivo and in 3T3-F442A preadipocytes in vitro...

Keywords: Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1,TIMP-1, obesity, adipose tissue, adipogenesis

Sex-specific, independent associations of insulin resistance with erythrocyte sedimentation rate in apparently healthy subjects

Insulin resistance and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, a non-specific marker of inflammation) are known risk factors for cardiovascular disease...

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, obesity, inflammation, insulin sensitivity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate

Apolipoprotein A-V gene polymorphisms in subjects with metabolic syndrome

Background: Genetic variation at the apolipoprotein A-V locus, recently discovered proximal to the APOA1/C3/A4 gene cluster, is associated with elevated triglyceride concentrations, a risk factor for atherosclerosis.

Methods: The goal of our study was to determine the association of two apolipoprotein A-V (APOA5) gene polymorphisms in a group of urban Romanian subjects with the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome...

Keywords: apolipoprotein A-V, gene polymorphism, metabolic syndrome, obesity

Pro12Ala polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-&ggr;2 (PPAR&ggr;-2) gene is associated with greater insulin sensitivity and decreased risk of type 2 diabetes in an Iranian population

Background: The Pro12Ala polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-&ggr;2 (PPAR&ggr;-2) gene has been variably associated with insulin resistance, obesity and type 2 diabetes in several populations...

Keywords: insulin resistance, Iranian population, obesity, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-2 (PPAR-2), Pro12Ala, type 2 diabetes

Within-subject variation of plasma resistin levels over a 1-year period

Background: Resistin, a recently discovered hormone, is purportedly involved in metabolic and inflammatory processes in humans and may thus be an important marker to assess disease risk in large-scale epidemiological studies.

Methods: We assessed the reliability of human resistin levels in 63 men and 51 women aged 35–67 years with repeated measurements of resistin over a period of 1 year...

Keywords: biomarker, inflammation, obesity, reliability, risk factor

Genotypes, obesity and type 2 diabetes – can genetic information motivate weight loss? A review

The current worldwide prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) was estimated to be 2.8% in 2000, but it is predicted to increase to epidemic proportions in the coming decades, primarily due to lifestyle changes, particularly obesity...

Keywords: genetic testing, motivation, obesity, type 2 diabetes

Emerging role of cathepsin S in obesity and its associated diseases

Obesity is thought to be a major determinant in the development of cardiovascular diseases, but the mechanisms whereby enlarged adipose tissue affects vascular function remain poorly defined...

Keywords: atherosclerosis, cathepsin S, obesity

The combined effect of maternal smoking and obesity on the risk of preeclampsia

Aims: Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with a lower risk of preeclampsia, whereas obesity increases the risk of preeclampsia...

Keywords: eclampsia, hypertension, obesity, overweight, pre-eclampsia, pregnancy, smoking

Sub-chronic administration of the 11?-HSD1 inhibitor, carbenoxolone, improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in mice with diet-induced obesity

We have examined the metabolic effects of daily administration of carbenoxolone (CBX), a naturally occurring 11?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11?-HSD1) inhibitor, in mice with high fat diet-induced insulin resistance and obesity...

Keywords: carbenoxolone (CBX), glucose tolerance, 11?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11?-HSD1), insulin sensitivity, obesity, type 2 diabetes

Resistin: a hormone which induces insulin resistance is increased in normal pregnancy

Aims: Resistin, a newly discovered adipokine, is thought to play a key role in the regulation of insulin resistance...

Keywords: adipokines, nomogram, obesity, pregnancy, resistin

CD36 polymorphism and its relationship with body mass index and coronary artery disease in a Korean population

Background: CD36 is a multifunctional membrane receptor and a cell-adhesion molecule that is expressed in platelets, monocytes/macrophages, microvascular endothelial cells, cardiac monocytes and adipocytes...

Keywords: Body mass index, CD36, coronary artery disease, obesity, polymorphisms