Items for "inflammation"

Pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome

This article reviews the current understanding of the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome and how these concepts have altered our clinical approach to the acute phase of coronary heart disease...

Keywords: Akutes Koronarsyndrom, Plaqueruptur, Thrombose, Ischämie, Inflammation

Increased cardiovascular risk markers in obesity are associated with body adiposity: Role of leptin

Epidemiological studies have shown that obesity is associated with increased blood concentrations of proinflammatory factors and markers of endothelial dysfunction such as fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP), and vonWillebrand factor (vWF)...

Keywords: obesity, adipose tissue, inflammation, leptin, insulin resistance

Warm-up exercise suppresses platelet-eosinophil/neutrophil aggregation and platelet-promoted release of eosinophil/neutrophil oxidant products enhanced by severe exercise in men

Heterotypic platelet-eosinophil/neutrophil aggregation and subsequent release of eosinophil/neutrophil oxidant products contribute to pathogenesis of conditions such as asthma and inflammatory bowel diseases...

Keywords: Warm-up, eosinophil, Platelet, inflammation, thrombosis

The pharmacology of selective inhibition of COX-2

Selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were developed to improve the safety of anti-inflammatory therapy in patients at elevated risk for gastrointestinal complications which are thought to be caused primarily by depression of COX-1 derived mucosal prostanoids...

Keywords: Clinical studies, atherothrombosis, atherosclerosis, inflammation, inflammatory mediators

Does a coxib-associated thrombotic risk limit the clinical use of the compounds as analgesic, antiinflammatory drugs? Arguments against

The issue of the risk-benefit assessment of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, as compared to traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (tNSAIDs), is far from being resolved...

Keywords: arterial thrombosis, lipid mediators, inflammation, haemostasis, Clinical studies

Genetic variations of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene are related to increased levels of C-reactive protein and macrophage-colony stimulating-factor in patients with coronary artery disease

It was the objective of this study to investigate the relation between nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) gene polymorphisms, vascular inflammation, endothelial function, and atherosclerosis...

Keywords: NO synthase gene polymorphisms, inflammation, atherosclerosis, vascular function

No difference in the effects of clopidogrel and aspirin on inflammatory markers in patients with coronary heart disease

Aspirin reduces several pro-inflammatory markers in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), while limited data exists with clopidogrel...

Keywords: antiplatelet agents, inflammation, atherosclerosis, randomized trial

Chronological expression of PAR isoforms in acute liver injury and its amelioration by PAR2 blockade in a rat model of sepsis

The liver can be injured and its functions altered by activation of the coagulation and inflammatory processes in sepsis...

Keywords: Coagulation, endotoxin, inflammation, liver injury, protease-activated receptor (PAR)

Sex-specific, independent associations of insulin resistance with erythrocyte sedimentation rate in apparently healthy subjects

Insulin resistance and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, a non-specific marker of inflammation) are known risk factors for cardiovascular disease...

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, obesity, inflammation, insulin sensitivity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate

Inflammatory profile of oxidized phospholipids

Lipid oxidation products and in particular oxidized phospholipids (OxPL) are increasingly recognized as inducers of chronic inflammation characteristic of atherosclerosis...

Keywords: Endothelial cells, phospholipids, inflammation

Ubiquitylation within signaling pathways in- and outside of inflammation

Ubiquitin is a highly conserved 76-amino-acid peptide that becomes covalently attached to lysine residues of target proteins...

Keywords: Endothelial cells, signal transduction, inflammation

Visualisation of tissue kallikrein, kininogen and kinin receptors in human skin following trauma and in dermal diseases

During dermal injury and inflammation the serine proteases kallikreins cleave endogenous, multifunctional substrates (kininogens) to form bradykinin and kallidin...

Keywords: basalioma (basal cell carcinoma), inflammation, kinin-B1 receptor upregulation, lichenificated atopic eczema, psoriasis

Inhibition of mRNA deadenylation and degradation by ultraviolet light

Post-transcriptional mechanisms contribute to the changes in gene expression induced by cell stress...

Keywords: AU-rich element, cytokines, inflammation, mRNA stability, poly(A)-tail, UV light

A possible alternative mechanism of kinin generation in vivo by cathepsin L

We investigated the ability of cathepsin L to induce a hypotensive effect after intravenous injection in rats and correlated this decrease in blood pressure with kinin generation...

Keywords: blood pressure decrease, bradykinin, cathepsins, inflammation, kinin, kininogen

Glutathione peroxidases and redox-regulated transcription factors

Analysis of the selenoproteome identified five glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) in mammals: cytosolic GPx (cGPx, GPx1), phospholipid hydroperoxide GPx (PHGPX, GPx4), plasma GPx (pGPX, GPx3), gastrointestinal GPx (GI-GPx, GPx2) and, in humans, GPx6, which is restricted to the olfactory system...

Keywords: Cancer, glutathione peroxidases, inflammation, NF-?B, Nrf2

Suppression of TNF-? production by S-adenosylmethionine in human mononuclear leukocytes is not mediated by polyamines

Endotoxin-induced cytokine production is an important mechanism in the development of several types of liver damage...

Keywords: inflammation, lipopolysaccharide, Methionine, putrescine, spermidine, spermine

Oxidative and nitrative DNA damage in animals and patients with inflammatory diseases in relation to inflammation-related carcinogenesis

Infection and chronic inflammation are proposed to contribute to carcinogenesis through inflammation-related mechanisms...

Keywords: carcinogenesis, DNA damage, inducible nitric oxide synthase, inflammation, 8-nitroguanine, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2?-deoxyguanosine

Proteinase-mediated cell signalling: targeting proteinase-activated receptors (PARs) by kallikreins and more

Serine proteinases, like trypsin, can play a hormone-like role by triggering signal transduction pathways in target cells...

Keywords: hormone action, inflammation, kallikreins, protease-activated receptors, proteases, proteinases, receptors, signal transduction, trypsin

Cysteine cathepsins and caspases in silicosis

Silicosis is an occupational pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of crystalline silica...

Keywords: Apoptosis, bronchoalveolar lavage, fibrosis, inflammation, protease, protease inhibitor

Evidence supporting the hypothesis that one of the main functions of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor is mediation of cell stress responses

We have previously proposed that one of the major consequences of activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) could be elicitation of ‘cell stress response’ reactions [Matsumura, Biochem...

Keywords: AhR, Apoptosis, cholesterol, IL-8, inflammation, TCDD

Compartmentalised expression of meprin in small intestinal mucosa: enhanced expression in lamina propria in coeliac disease

Epithelial cells in the human small intestine express meprin, an astacin-like metalloprotease, which accumulates normally at the brush border membrane and in the gut lumen...

Keywords: endopeptidases, enteritis, enterocytes, gluten, inflammation, Leukocytes

The c.–292C>T promoter polymorphism increases reticulocyte-type 15-lipoxygenase-1 activity and could be atheroprotective

Background: Reticulocyte-type 15-lipoxygenase-1 (ALOX15) has anti-inflammatory and inflammatory effects and is implicated in the development of asthma, arthritis and atherosclerosis...

Keywords: inflammation, lipoxin, 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX), Polymorphism, PU.1, reticulocyte-type 15-lipoxygenase-1 (ALOX15), SFPI1, SPI1, transcription factor

Within-subject variation of plasma resistin levels over a 1-year period

Background: Resistin, a recently discovered hormone, is purportedly involved in metabolic and inflammatory processes in humans and may thus be an important marker to assess disease risk in large-scale epidemiological studies.

Methods: We assessed the reliability of human resistin levels in 63 men and 51 women aged 35–67 years with repeated measurements of resistin over a period of 1 year...

Keywords: biomarker, inflammation, obesity, reliability, risk factor

Pathophysiology and diagnostic value of urinary trypsin inhibitors

Inflammation is an important indicator of tissue injury. In the acute form, there is usually accumulation of fluids and plasma components in the affected tissues...

Keywords: antiprotease, autoimmune disease, bikunin, C-reactive protein, chondroitin sulfate, elastase, infection, inflammation, inter-?-inhibitor, pro-enzyme, proteolytic enzyme, protease-activated receptor, serine protease, urinary trypsin inhibitor

Time course of systemic markers of inflammation in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes

Inflammation within coronary plaques may cause an acute coronary syndrome by promoting rupture and erosion...

Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome, coronary sinus, inflammation, time course

Evaluation of a high-sensitivity turbidimetric immunoassay for serum C-reactive protein: application to the study of longitudinal changes throughout normal pregnancy

C-Reactive protein has been associated with several complications of pregnancy. The aims of the present study were: (1) to evaluate a turbidimetric immunoassay for the measurement of C-reactive protein; and (2) to investigate the chronological changes of the levels of this protein from preconception throughout normal pregnancy and its relationship with variables associated with preconception and pregnancy outcome...

Keywords: C-reactive protein, inflammation, method evaluation, pregnancy

C-Reactive protein and neopterin levels in healthy non-obese adults

Background: Obesity and increased waist-to-hip ratio, emphasizing the importance of truncal obesity, have been found to correlate positively with increased cardiovascular disease risk and mortality...

Keywords: atherosclerosis, Body mass index, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, inflammation, neopterin, waist-to-hip ratio

Hyperhomocysteinaemia and immune activation in patients with cancer

Background: Recently, homocysteine production was observed in tumour cell lines and homocysteine was proposed as a tumour marker...

Keywords: Cancer, cysteine, folate, homocysteine, inflammation, neopterin, vitamin B12

Clinical indications for plasma protein assays: transthyretin (prealbumin) in inflammation and malnutrition: International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC): IFCC Scientific Division Committee on Plasma Proteins (C-PP)

A large number of circumstances are associated with reduced serum concentrations of transthyretin (TTR), or prealbumin...

Keywords: inflammation, malnutrition, prealbumin, transthyretin

Fetal brain injury in experimental intrauterine asphyxia and inflammation in Göttingen minipigs

Objective: To examine fetal brain injury in the Göttingen minipig following intrauterine asphyxia and infection/inflammation induced at 3/4 of gestational length.

Methods: We performed laparotomy after anesthesia in six pregnant sows...

Keywords: Fetal brain injury, inflammation, intrauterine asphyxia, pigs

Host factors and disease severity in two patients with SARS Wirtsfaktoren und Erkrankungsschwere bei zwei Patienten mit SARS

Infection with the SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)-associated coronavirus results in respiratory failure probably by immunological mechanisms in 10% of patients...

Keywords: CRP, Diabetes mellitus, Entzündung, Komorbidität, respiratorische Insuffizienz, SARS, Schwangerschaft