Items for "homocysteine"

13 N-ammonia rest/stress PET: Folic acid improves global coronary vasoreactivity in coronary artery disease patients with normal or elevated homocysteine levels

AIM: Hyperhomocysteinaemia (Hhcy) is known to be an independent risk factor for vascular disease. Coronary flow reserve (CFR) measured by positron emission tomography (PET) is a sensitive method to monitor the effects of pharmacologic interventions in Hhcy...

Keywords: Homocystein, koronare Flussreseve, koronare Herzkrankheit, PET

Serum osteoprotegerin in young survivors of myocardial infarction

Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a member of the tumour necrosis factor superfamily and is involved in the regulation of bone metabolism and vascular calcification...

Keywords: osteoprotegerin, homocysteine, Coagulation, thrombin generation, myocardial infarction

Folic acid administration and antibodies against homocysteinylated proteins in subjects with hyperhomocysteinemia

Growing evidence indicates that elevated total homocysteine (tHcy) levels can elicit autoimmune response in vivo...

Keywords: arterial thrombosis, autoantibodies, homocysteine

Association of homocysteine (but not of MTHFR 677 C>T, MTR 2756 A>G, MTRR 66 A>G and TCN2 776 C>G) with ischaemic cerebrovascular disease in Sicily

Association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism (MTHFR 677 C>T ), a determinant of homocysteine plasma level (t-Hcys), with ischaemc cerebrovascular disease (iCVD) seems to be neutral in North Europe and North America...

Keywords: Cerebrovascular disease, folate, homocysteine, methionine synthase reductase, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, transcobalamin

A simple high-throughput method for the determination of plasma methylmalonic acid by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Background: Cobalamin (Cbl) deficiency is a common clinical phenomenon, in particular among the elderly and possibly also among infants...

Keywords: cobalamin, homocysteine, liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, methylmalonic acid (MMA), vitamin B12

Alteration of homocysteine catabolism in pre-eclampsia, HELLP syndrome and placental insufficiency

Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor in obstetrical complications such as pre-eclampsia, ‘hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet’ (HELLP)-syndrome and placental insufficiency...

Keywords: cystathionine, hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet (HELLP) syndrome, homocysteine, oxidative stress, pre-eclampsia

Evaluation of a shorter methionine loading test

We validated whether a shorter methionine loading test is as accurate as the original 6-h test in identifying hyperhomocysteinemic patients and investigated determinants of fasting and post-load homocysteine concentration...

Keywords: homocysteine, methionine loading test, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), mutation

Hyperhomocysteinemia and arteriosclerosis: historical perspectives

Early concepts of the origin of arteriosclerosis were introduced in the 19th century by Rokitansky and Virchow, who described mural thrombosis, inflammatory damage to arterial intima, increased intimal permeability to plasma, mucoid degeneration of arterial wall, deposition of plasma lipids in plaques, and fibrosis and calcification of plaques...

Keywords: arteriosclerosis, atherogenesis, homocysteine, homocystinuria, Methionine

Homocysteine and vascular disease in diabetes: a double hit?

Cardiovascular disease is a major problem in diabetes, and risk factors presumably unrelated to diabetes, such as hyperhomocysteinaemia, may be related to the development of cardiovascular complications in diabetic individuals...

Keywords: cardiovascular disease, diabetes, endothelial function, homocysteine, oxidative stress

Impairment of homocysteine metabolism in patients with retinal vascular occlusion and non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy

Mild hyperhomocysteinemia is established as an independent risk factor for atherothrombotic disease, including ocular pathologies such as retinal vascular occlusion and non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION)...

Keywords: cystathionine, folic acid, homocysteine, methylmalonic acid, renal function, retinal vascular occlusion, vitamin B12

Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency is the dominant nutritional cause of hyperhomocysteinemia in a folic acid-fortified population

Prevalence rates for folate deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia have been markedly reduced following the introduction of folic acid fortification in the United States...

Keywords: folate, fortification, homocysteine, transcobalamin, vitamin B12, PAR%, population attributable risk percentage, SALSA, Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging

A laboratory algorithm with homocysteine as the primary parameter reduces the cost of investigation of folate and cobalamin deficiency

Analyses of total homocysteine (tHcy) and to some extent methyl malonic acid (MMA) have become increasingly used in Sweden, primarily for investigating folate and cobalamin deficiency...

Keywords: cost-effect analysis, cost-minimisation analysis, homocysteine, laboratory algorithm

Molecular targeting by homocysteine: a mechanism for vascular pathogenesis

Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Although there is a growing body of evidence that homocysteine plays a causal role in atherogenesis, specific mechanisms to explain the underlying pathology have remained elusive...

Keywords: Albumin, atherogenesis, disulfide bond, glutathione peroxidase, homocysteine, hyperhomocysteinemia, molecular targeting, pKa, sulfhydryl group, vascular pathogenesis

Homocysteine in relation to cognitive performance in pathological and non-pathological conditions

Elevated serum homocysteine has been associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease...

Keywords: aging, cognition, dementia, homocysteine, multiple sclerosis

Homocysteine, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cognitive performance: The Maine-Syracuse Study

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and higher total plasma homocysteine concentrations are each associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and with diminished cognitive performance...

Keywords: cardiovascular risk factors, cognitive performance, Diabetes mellitus, folate, homocysteine, vitamin B12, vitamin B6

Relation between homocysteine and biochemical bone turnover markers and bone mineral density in peri- and post-menopausal women

Background: Recently, increased plasma homocysteine (Hcy) has been suggested as an independent risk factor for osteoporotic fractures...

Keywords: bone mineral density, bone turnover markers, cross-links, desoxypyridinoline, homocysteine, osteocalcin

Concentrations of homocysteine, related metabolites and asymmetric dimethylarginine in preeclamptic women with poor nutritional status

Background: Hyperhomocysteinemia, a proxy measure for the nutritional status of the B vitamins, may be involved in the etiology of preeclampsia via inducing endothelial dysfunction...

Keywords: asymmetric dimethylarginine, folate, homocysteine, preeclampsia

Atorvastatin suppresses homocysteine formation in stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Hyperhomocysteinemia is regarded as an independent risk factor for vascular diseases, and homocysteine is supposed to contribute to oxidative stress and endothelial damage...

Keywords: atorvastatin, homocysteine, neopterin, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, proliferation

Plasma homocysteine and markers for oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with coronary artery disease – a prospective randomized study of vitamin supplementation

Background: Elevated plasma levels of total homocysteine (tHcy) are associated with an increased risk of developing occlusive vascular diseases...

Keywords: cardiovascular disease, F 2-isoprostanes, homocysteine, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress

Increased free malondialdehyde concentrations in smokers normalise with a mixed fruit and vegetable juice concentrate: a pilot study

Background: Cigarette smoking, a cardiovascular risk factor leading to oxygen free radical formation, is involved in the development of serious pathological conditions...

Keywords: homocysteine, malondialdehyde, oxidative stress, phytonutrients, smoking

The effects of adrenocorticotrophic hormone and cortisol on homocysteine and vitamin B concentrations

Background: Homocysteine metabolism is mainly governed by serum concentrations of folate and vitamin B₁₂, renal function and genetic factors...

Keywords: cobalamines, corticotropin, cortisol, folate, homocysteine, steroids

Aminothiols in human brain tumors

Background: Aminothiols are sulfur-containing amino acids involved in methionine metabolism...

Keywords: cysteine, homocysteine, Methionine, tissue, tumor

The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T gene mutation is associated with hyperhomocysteinemia, cardiovascular disease and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide levels in Korea

Background: Hyperhomocysteinemia is known to be a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and is associated with a common mutation in the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene (677 C>T)...

Keywords: B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), cardiovascular diseases, homocysteine, MTHFR

Hyperhomocysteinaemia and immune activation in patients with cancer

Background: Recently, homocysteine production was observed in tumour cell lines and homocysteine was proposed as a tumour marker...

Keywords: Cancer, cysteine, folate, homocysteine, inflammation, neopterin, vitamin B12

Assessment of homocysteine, neopterin and nitric oxide levels in Behcet's disease

Background: Behçet's disease is a multysystemic immunoinflammatory disease with a wide variety of clinical manifestations, whereas recurrent aphthous stomatitis is a local oral disease...

Keywords: homocysteine, immunity, neopterin, nitric oxide

Association of thyroid dysfunction with vitamin B₁₂, folate and plasma homocysteine levels in the elderly: a population-based study in Sicily

Background: Association of thyroid dysfunction with plasma homocysteine levels and vitamin B₁₂ has previously been reported...

Keywords: folate, homocysteine, thyroid dysfunction, vitamin B12

Evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors and related clinical markers in healthy young Japanese adults

Background: Since atherosclerosis is a slowly progressive process at a young age, effective preventive measures should be taken early in life to prevent future events associated with cardiovascular disease.

Methods: The study population comprised 132 young Japanese adults (mean age 21.4 years, range 18–31 years)...

Keywords: atherosclerosis, cardio-ankle vascular index, carotid intima-media thickness, folate, homocysteine, young adults

Elevated plasma homocysteine levels in L-dopa-treated Parkinson's disease patients with dyskinesias

Background: Elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations are associated with increased risk of systemic vascular diseases, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia...

Keywords: L-dopa, dyskinesias, homocysteine

Besteht Bedarf an neuen kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren? Is there a need for new cardiovascular risk factors?

Die klassischen Risikofaktoren für kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen haben einen hohen negativen Vorhersagewert, insbesondere in Verbindung mit Scorewerten und Algorithmen, deren Verwendung derzeit in internationalen Konsens-Richtlinien zur primären Prävention dieser Krankheiten befürwortet wird...

Keywords: C-reaktives Protein, globales Risiko, Homocystein, lipoprotein(a), Mikroalbuminurie, C-reactive protein, global risk, homocysteine, microalbuminuria

Association between the 2756A> G variant in the gene encoding methionine synthase and myocardial infarction in Tunisian patients

Background: Elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), is due to defects in genes encoding for enzymes involved in tHcy metabolism or from inadequate status of vitamins involved in tHcy disposal...

Keywords: homocysteine, methionine synthase, MTR, myocardial infarction, Polymorphism

Waist-to-hip ratio correlates with homocysteine levels in male patients with coronary artery disease

Background: Obesity and homocysteine are important risk factors for cardiovascular disease...

Keywords: body mass index (BMI), coronary artery disease (CAD), homocysteine, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)

Association between plasma thiols and immune activation marker neopterin in stable coronary heart disease

Background: Studies have associated elevated plasma levels of the thiols homocysteine and cysteine with an increased risk of atherosclerosis...

Keywords: coronary heart disease, cysteine, gender difference, homocysteine, neopterin

Homocysteine and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA): biochemically linked but differently related to vascular disease in chronic kidney disease

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, is formed by methylation of arginine residues in proteins and released after proteolysis...

Keywords: asymmetric dimethylarginine, homocysteine, renal disease

Plasma protein homocysteinylation in uremia

Protein homocysteinylation is proposed as one of the mechanisms of homocysteine toxicity...

Keywords: Albumin, folate, Hemodialysis, homocysteine, protein homocysteinylation, uremia

Defects in homocysteine metabolism: diversity among hyperhomocyst(e)inemias

There are now four genetic mouse models that induce hyperhomocyst(e)inemia by decreasing the activity of an enzyme involved in homocysteine metabolism: cystathionine ?-synthase, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, methionine synthase and methionine synthase reductase...

Keywords: adenosylhomocysteine, adenosylmethionine, cystathionine ?-synthase, folate, genetic mouse models, homocysteine, methionine synthase, methionine synthase reductase, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase

Homocysteine-lowering trials for prevention of vascular disease: protocol for a collaborative meta-analysis

Background: Elevated plasma total homocysteine is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the randomized trials of dietary supplementation with B-vitamins to lower homocysteine have not yet provided clear evidence of benefit on vascular risk.

Methods: Cumulative meta-analysis of all randomized trials assessing the effects of lowering homocysteine levels with B-vitamins on risk of CVD.

Results: An individual patient data meta-analysis of all randomized trials of the effects on vascular risk of lowering homocysteine with B-vitamins will maximize the power to assess the epidemiologically predicted differences in risk...

Keywords: folic acid, homocysteine, meta-analysis, trials, vitamin B12

The role of hyperhomocysteinemia and B-vitamin deficiency in neurological and psychiatric diseases

Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is related to central nervous system diseases. Epidemiological studies show a positive, dose-dependent relationship between plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentration and neurodegenerative disease risk...

Keywords: brain atrophy, depression, epilepsy, homocysteine, neurodegeneration, vitamin B group

Importance of folate-homocysteine homeostasis during early embryonic development

Although the beneficial effects of maternal folate supplementation in the periconceptional period have been shown to prevent neural tube defects, congenital heart defects and orofacial clefts, the exact protective mechanism of folates remains unknown...

Keywords: birth defects, congenital heart defects, folate, folate receptor autoantibody, folate receptor, FOLR1, homocysteine, homocysteinylation, neural tube defects, SLC19A1

The effect of B-vitamins on biochemical bone turnover markers and bone mineral density in osteoporotic patients: a 1-year double blind placebo controlled trial

Background: Hyperhomocysteinemia is a new risk factor for osteoporosis...

Keywords: bone mineral density, C-terminal telopeptides of collagen I (CTx), folate, homocysteine, osteocalcin, pro-collagen type I N-terminal peptide (PINP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), urinary desoxypyridinoline cross-links (DPD), vitamin B6, vitamin B12

Management of L-Dopa related hyperhomocysteinemia: catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors or B vitamins? Results from a review

In recent years, L-Dopa treatment has been indicated as an acquired cause of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy)...

Keywords: cobalamin, entacapone, folate, homocysteine, L-dopa, tolcapone

Perspective on the efficacy analysis of the Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention trial

Background: The pathogenesis of stroke is very different from that of myocardial infarction; most strokes are embolic, and as elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) increases thrombosis, it increases the risk of cardioembolic strokes, particularly in atrial fibrillation, as well as the risk of deep vein thrombosis leading to paradoxical embolism, and elevated tHcy also increases strokes from cortical vein thrombosis.

Purpose and methods: The main study results of the Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) trial showed no benefit of vitamin therapy for homocysteine lowering...

Keywords: atherosclerosis, cardiovascular risk, homocysteine

Decreased p66Shc promoter methylation in patients with end-stage renal disease

Background: p66Shc is a stress response protein and partially regulated by epigenetic modifications...

Keywords: atherosclerosis, DNA methylation, homocysteine, p66Shc, Pyrosequencing?

The role of hyperhomocysteinemia as well as folate, vitamin B₆ and B₁₂ deficiencies in osteoporosis – a systematic review

Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY) has been suggested as a new risk factor for osteoporosis...

Keywords: bone metabolism, folate, homocysteine, Osteoporosis, vitamin B6, vitamin B12